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Deficiency citations for physical restraint use in nursing homes
Author(s)Nicholas G Castle
Journal titleThe Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, vol 55B, no 1, January 2000
Pagespp S33-S40
KeywordsAt risk ; Mobility ; Restriction ; Nursing homes ; Law ; United States of America.
AnnotationThe average percentage of residents restrained in nursing homes in the US is approximately 20%. Facilities that do not meet Health Care Financing Administration Standards for restraint use may be issued a deficiency citation. This study investigated which structure and process factors of nursing homes were associated with a deficiency citation for restraint use. Findings showed that a total of 2,321 facilities had at least one restraint deficiency citation, and 14,703 had none. After controlling for other key variables, five structural factors and six process factors were significant. Larger bed size, for-profit ownership, and hospital-based were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of a deficiency citation, whereas higher numbers of full-time equivalent specialists per resident and nurse aide training were significantly associated with a lower likelihood. Suctioning therapy, pain management, and bladder training were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of a deficiency citation, whereas intravenous therapy, higher use of catheters, and physical restraints were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of a deficiency citation. (AKM).
Accession NumberCPA-000420410 A
ClassmarkCA3: C4: 5RC: LHB: VR: 7T

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